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六十二、第三条诫命

111问:第三条诫命是什么?

答:第三条诫命是:“你不可妄称主你上帝的名,因为妄称祂名的,主必不以他为无罪”(出20:7) 。

Q. 111. Which is the third commandment?

A. The third commandment is, Thou shalt not take the name of the LORD thy God in vain: for the LORD will not hold him guiltless that taketh his name in vain.

112问:在第三条诫命中吩咐什么?

答:在第三条诫命中吩咐:

  1. 上帝的名字、尊称、属性(太6:9;申28:58;诗29:2;68:4;启15:3-4)、外在方式(玛1:14;传5:1)、圣言(诗138:2)、圣礼(林前11:24-25,28-29)、祷告(提前2:8)、起誓(耶4:2)、许愿(传5:4-6)、拈阄(徒1:24,26)、作为(伯36:24),以及其他祂所用以显明祂自己的一切,都要在思想(玛3:16)、默想(诗8:1,3-4,9)、言语(西3:17;诗105:2,5)和著述(诗102:18)中,予以圣洁、敬畏地使用;
  2. 藉着圣洁的告白(彼前3:15;弥4:5),行事为人与之相称(腓1:27),使上帝得荣耀(林前10:31),我们(耶32:39)和他人都得益处(彼前2:12)。

Q. 112. What is required in the third commandment?

A. The third commandment requires, that the name of God, his titles, attributes, ordinances, the word, sacraments, prayer, oaths, vows, lots, his works, and whatsoever else there is whereby he makes himself known, be holily and reverently used in thought, meditation, word, and writing; by an holy profession, and answerable conversation, to the glory of God, and the good of ourselves, and others.

113问:在第三条诫命中,禁止什么罪行?

答:在第三条诫命中禁止的罪行是:

  1. 不按圣经的要求使用上帝的名字(玛2:2);
  2. 愚昧(徒17:23)、虚妄(箴30:9)、不敬、亵渎(玛1:6-7;12;3:14)、迷信(撒上4:3-5;耶7:4,9-10,14,31;西2:20-22)地滥用上帝名字;
  3. 或以邪恶之心提及上帝的名字,以亵渎(王下19:22;利24:11)、伪证(亚5:4;8:17)之举利用上帝的尊称、属性(王下18:30,35;出5:2;诗139:20)、外在方式(诗50:16-17)和作为(赛5:12);
  4. 一切恶毒的咒诅(撒上17:43;撒下16:5)、起誓(耶5:7;23:10)、许愿(申23:18;徒23:12,14)、掣签(斯3:7;9:24;诗22:18);
  5. 违背我们合乎上帝律法的宣誓和许愿(诗24:4;结17:16,18-19);
  6. 成全不合乎上帝律法的宣誓和许愿(可6:26;撒上25:22,32-34);
  7. 抱怨、抗拒(罗9:14,19-20)、窥探(申29:29)、误用上帝的预旨(罗3:5,7;6:1-2)和护理(传8:11;9:3;诗39);
  8. 误解(太5:21-48)、误用(结13:22),或以其它任何方式歪曲上帝的圣言,或其中的任何部分(彼后3:16;太22:24-31),用于亵渎性的戏谑(赛22:13;耶23:34,36,38)、好奇无益的问难、荒缈无凭的空谈,或坚持谬妄的教义(提前1:4,6-7;6:4-5,20;提后2:14;多3:9);
  9. 滥用上帝名下所包含的受造物或任何事物,用为魔法符咒(申18:10-14;徒19:13),或邪恶的情欲和行为(提后4:3-4;罗13:13-14;王上21:9-10;犹4);
  10. 恶毒中伤(徒13:45;约壹3:12),亵慢讥诮(诗1:1;彼后3:3),肆意谩骂(彼前4:4),或以其它任何方式反对上帝的真理、恩典和道路(徒13:45-46,50;徒4:18;19:9;帖前2:16;来10:29);
  11. 或假冒为善,或因心怀不轨而谎称信主(提后3:5;太23:14;6:1-2,5,16);
  12. 以主名为耻(可8:38),或因不顺从(诗73:14-15),无智慧(林前6:5-6;弗5:15-17),不结果子(赛5:4;彼后1:8-9),唐突冒犯,绊倒他人(罗2:23-24),冷淡退后,离弃真道(加3:1,3;来6:6),从而羞辱主名。

Q. 113. What are the sins forbidden in the third commandment?

A. The sins forbidden in the third commandment are, the not using of God’s name as is required; and the abuse of it in an ignorant, vain, irreverent, profane, superstitious, or wicked mentioning or otherwise using his titles, attributes, ordinances, or works, by blasphemy, perjury; all sinful cursings, oaths, vows, and lots; violating of our oaths and vows, if lawful; and fulfilling them, if of things unlawful; murmuring and quarreling at, curious prying into, and misapplying of God’s decrees and providences; misinterpreting, misapplying, or any way perverting the word, or any part of it, to profane jests, curious or unprofitable questions, vain janglings, or the maintaining of false doctrines; abusing it, the creatures, or anything contained under the name of God, to charms, or sinful lusts and practices; the maligning, scorning, reviling, or any wise opposing of God’s truth, grace, and ways; making profession of religion in hypocrisy, or for sinister ends; being ashamed of it, or a shame to it, by unconformable, unwise, unfruitful, and offensive walking, or backsliding from it.

114问:第三条诫命所附加的理由是什么?

答:第三条诫命所附加的理由在以下的话语中:“耶和华你上帝”和“因为妄称祂名的,主必不以他为无罪”(出20:7)。这是因为:

  1. 祂是主,我们的上帝,因此我们不可亵渎祂的名,也不可以任何方式滥用(利19:12);
  2. 特别是因为触犯这一诫命的人,祂必不会赦免、饶恕。即使许多人避开了人的鉴察和审判(撒上2:12,17,22,24;撒上3:13),但上帝却不容他们逃避祂公义的审判(结36:21-23;申28:58-59;亚5:2-4)。

Q. 114. What reasons are annexed to the third commandment?

A. The reasons annexed to the third commandment, in these words, The LORD thy God, and, For the LORD will not hold him guiltless that taketh his name in vain, are, because he is the Lord and our God, therefore his name is not to be profaned, or any way abused by us; especially because he will be so far from acquitting and sparing the transgressors of this commandment, as that he will not suffer them to escape his righteous judgment, albeit many such escape the censures and punishments of men.