六十八.第八条诫命
140问:第八条诫命是什么?
答:第八条诫命是:“不可偷窃”(出20:15)。
Q. 140. Which is the eighth commandment?
A. The eighth commandment is, Thou shalt not steal.
141问:在第八条诫命中,命令什么责任?
答:在第八条诫命中命令的责任是:
- 在人与人的契约和生意中要讲究诚实、守信和公平(诗15:2,4;亚7:4,10;8:16-17);
- 凡人所当得的,就给他(罗13:7);
- 非法扣押正当所有人的财物,要予以赔偿(利6:2-5;路19:8);
- 根据自己的能力和他人的需要,慷慨施与、出借(路6:30,38;约壹3:17;弗4:28;加6:10);
- 对世上财物的判断、愿望和情感要合乎中道(提前6:6-9;加6:14);
- 对于那些供养我们肉身的东西,要审慎考虑,留心料理(提前5:8),根据我们自身的处境,加以获取、保守、使用和处理(箴27:23-27;传2:24;3:12-13;提前6:17-18;赛38:1;太11:8);
- 合乎上帝律法的职业要持守(林前7:20;创2:15;3:19),并要殷勤从事(弗4:28;箴10:4);
- 生活节俭(约6:12,箴21:20);
- 避免不必要的诉讼(林前6:1-9)、担保,以及其他类似的事宜(箴6:1-6;11:15);
- 努力运用一切公义的、合乎上帝律法的手段,获取、保守、增加他人以及我们自身的财富和外部产业(利25:35;申22:1-4;出23:4-5;创47:14,20;腓2:4;太22:39)。
Q. 141. What are the duties required in the eighth commandment?
A. The duties required in the eighth commandment are, truth, faithfulness, and justice in contracts and commerce between man and man; rendering to every one his due; restitution of goods unlawfully detained from the right owners thereof; giving and lending freely, according to our abilities, and the necessities of others; moderation of our judgments, wills, and affections concerning worldly goods; a provident care and study to get, keep, use, and dispose these things which are necessary and convenient for the sustentation of our nature, and suitable to our condition; a lawful calling, and diligence in it; frugality; avoiding unnecessary lawsuits, and suretiship, or other like engagements; and an endeavor, by all just and lawful means, to procure, preserve, and further the wealth and outward estate of others, as well as our own.
142问:在第八条诫命中,禁止什么罪行?
答:在第八条诫命中禁止的罪行是:除了忽略当尽的本分之外(雅2:15-16;约壹3:17),还有:
- 偷窃(弗4:28);
- 抢劫(诗62:10);
- 抢人口(提前1:10);
- 接受任何窃取得来的东西(箴29:24;诗50:18);
- 欺诈性行为(帖前4:6);
- 虚假的度量衡(箴11:1;20:10);
- 移动地界(申19:14;箴23:10);
- 人与人之间定立契约时不公义、不守信(摩8:5;诗37:21);
- 在别人信托的事上不公义、不守信(路16:10-12);
- 欺压亏负(结22:29;利25:17);
- 敲诈勒索(太23:25;结22:12);
- 行贿受贿(诗15:5;伯15:34);
- 毫无根据的诉讼(林前6:6-8;箴3:29-30);
- 非法圈地,霸占地土(赛5:8;弥2:2);
- 囤积居奇(箴11:26);
- 从事不合乎上帝律法的职业(徒19:19,24-25);
- 以及其它所有巧取豪夺,损人利己,违背公义,作奸犯科之事(伯20:19;雅5:4;箴21:6);
- 贪心(路12:15);
- 过分看重世上的财物(提前6:5;西3:2;箴23:5;诗62:10);
- 对于获取、保守、使用财物之事,忧虑小信、投机钻营(太6:25,31,34;传5:12);
- 见到他人兴盛就心怀不平(诗73:3;37:1,7);
- 作工懈怠(帖后3:11;箴18:9),挥霍财产,赌博浪费;
- 以及其它所有不正当地损害我们的外部产业(箴21:17;23:20-21;28:19),不正当地使用和享受上帝所赐给我们的产业的各种做法(传4:8;6:2;提前5:8)。
Q. 142. What are the sins forbidden in the eighth commandment?
A. The sins forbidden in the eighth commandment, besides the neglect of the duties required, are, theft, robbery, man-stealing, and receiving anything that is stolen; fraudulent dealing, false weights and measures, removing landmarks, injustice and unfaithfulness in contracts between man and man, or in matters of trust; oppression, extortion, usury, bribery, vexatious lawsuits, unjust enclosures and depredation; engrossing commodities to enhance the price; unlawful callings, and all other unjust or sinful ways of taking or withholding from our neighbor what belongs to him, or of enriching ourselves; covetousness; inordinate prizing and affecting worldly goods; distrustful and distracting cares and studies in getting, keeping, and using them; envying at the prosperity of others; as likewise idleness, prodigality, wasteful gaming; and all other ways whereby we do unduly prejudice our own outward estate, and defrauding ourselves of the due use and comfort of that estate which God hath given us.
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