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五十七、理解十诫的规则

99问：要正确理解十诫，应当遵守什么规则？

答：要正确理解十诫，以下的规则应予遵守:

  1. 律法是全备的，约束每个人都必须完全遵守，以全人完全合乎其中之义，完全顺服，直到永远；因此，律法要求人完备地履行每一当尽的责任，即使最微小的犯罪也予以禁止（诗19:7；雅2:10；太5:21－22）。
  2. 律法是属灵的，关涉到悟性、意志、情感以及灵魂的其它所有能力，涵盖言语、行为和姿态（罗7:14；申6:5；太22:37－39，比较太5:21－22，27－28，33－34，37－39，43－44）。
  3. 同样的事物，在不同的方面，在不同的诫命中有所要求或禁止（西3:5；摩8:5；箴1:19；提前6:10）。
  4. 吩咐某一责任，就是禁止与此相反的罪行（赛58:13；申6:13，比较太4:9－10；15:4－6）；禁止人犯一种罪，就是命令人去完成与该罪行相反的责任（太5:21－25；弗4:28）。同样，何处附加了应许，就包括了与之相反的警告（出20:12；箴30:17）；何处附加了警告，就包括了与之相反的应许（耶18:7－8；出20:7，比较诗15:1，4-5；诗24:4－5）。
  5. 凡上帝所禁止的，绝不要去行（伯13:7－8；罗3:8；伯36:21；来11:25）；凡上帝所吩咐的，则始终是我们的责任（申4:8－9）；但是，并不是在所有的时间，都要完成每一个责任（太12:7）。
  6. 在一个罪或责任之下，所有同类的罪也受到禁止，同类的责任也在所吩咐的范围之内；连同所有的原因、途径、场合、表现、挑衅都在内（太5:21－22，27－28；15:4－6；来10:24－25；帖前5:22；犹23；加5:26；西3:21）。
  7. 凡向我们所禁止或所吩咐的，我们都有责任根据自己的身份地位，并根据他人在其身份地位上当尽的本分，努力使他人避免或遵行（出20:10；利19:17；创18:19；书24:15；申6:6－7）。
  8. 凡向他人所吩咐的，我们都有责任根据我们的地位和职分，帮助他们实现（林后1:24）；凡禁止他们去行的，我们也要注意不要与他们有份（提前5:22；弗5:11）。

Q. 99. What rules are to be observed for the right understanding of the Ten Commandments?

A. For the right understanding of the Ten Commandments, these rules are to be observed:
1. That the law is perfect, and bindeth every one to full conformity in the whole man unto the righteousness thereof, and unto entire obedience forever; so as to require the utmost perfection of every duty, and to forbid the least degree of every sin.
2. That it is spiritual, and so reacheth the understanding, will, affections, and all other powers of the soul; as well as words, works, and gestures.
3. That one and the same thing, in divers respects, is required or forbidden in several commandments.
4. That as, where a duty is commanded, the contrary sin is forbidden; and, where a sin is forbidden, the contrary duty is commanded: so, where a promise is annexed, the contrary threatening is included; and, where a threatening is annexed, the contrary promise is included.
5. That what God forbids, is at no time to be done; what he commands, is always our duty; and yet every particular duty is not to be done at all times.
6. That under one sin or duty, all of the same kind are forbidden or commanded; together with all the causes, means, occasions, and appearances thereof, and provocations thereunto.
7. That what is forbidden or commanded to ourselves, we are bound, according to our places, to endeavor that it may be avoided or performed by others, according to the duty of their places.
8. That in what is commanded to others, we are bound, according to our places and callings, to be helpful to them; and to take heed of partaking with others in what is forbidden them.

100问：在十诫中，我们要考察什么特别的事项？

答：在十诫中，我们要考察序言、十诫本身的精义和某些诫命所附加的各种理由，使我们更加谨守遵行。

Q. 100. What special things are we to consider in the Ten Commandments?

A. We are to consider, in the Ten Commandments, the preface, the substance of the commandments themselves, and several reasons annexed to some of them, the more to enforce them.

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