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六十九、第九条诫命

143问:第九条诫命是什么?

答:

第九条诫命是:“不可作假见证陷害人”(出20:16)。

Question 143: Which is the ninth commandment?

Answer:

The ninth commandment is, Thou shalt not bear false witness against thy neighbour.

144问:在第九条诫命中,命令什么责任?

答:

在第九条诫命中,命令的责任是:

  1. 保守并增进人与人之间的诚实(亚8:16);
  2. 保守并增进他人和我们自身的名誉(约叁12);
  3. 为事实真相挺身而出(箴言31:8-9);
  4. 在审判和公义之事上(利19:15箴14:5,25),以及在其它各种事情上,发自内心(诗15:2),忠心诚实(代上19:9),不计代价(撒上19:4-5),不加隐瞒(书7:19),不偏左右(撒下14:18-20),实话实说,只讲事实真相(林后1:17-18弗4:25);
  5. 以爱心尊重他人(来6:9林前13:7);
  6. 爱护他们的名誉,愿意他们有好名声,并为之欢喜(罗1:8约贰4约叁3-4);
  7. 为他们的软弱难过(林后2:4;12:21),并加以遮掩(箴17:9彼前4:8);
  8. 承认他们的恩赐和美德(林前1:4-5,7提后1:4-5);
  9. 为他们的无辜辩护(撒上22:14);
  10. 关于他们的好消息,愿意接受(林前13:6-7),坏消息,不随意苟同(诗15:3);
  11. 不鼓励传舌者(箴25:23)、奉承者(箴26:24-25)、诽谤者(诗101:5);
  12. 珍惜自己的名誉,并在需要的时候予以辩护(箴22:1约8:49);
  13. 遵守合乎上帝律法的誓言(诗15:4);
  14. 凡是真实的、诚实的、可爱的、有美名的,都要考察、遵行(腓4:8)。

Question 144: What are the duties required in the ninth commandment?

Answer:

The duties required in the ninth commandment are, the preserving and promoting of truth between man and man, and the good name of our neighbor, as well as our own; appearing and standing for the truth; and from the heart, sincerely, freely, clearly, and fully, speaking the truth, and only the truth, in matters of judgment and justice, and in all other things whatsoever; a charitable esteem of our neighbors; loving, desiring, and rejoicing in their good name; sorrowing for and covering of their infirmities; freely acknowledging of their gifts and graces, defending their innocency; a ready receiving of a good report, and unwillingness to admit of an evil report, concerning them; discouraging talebearers, flatterers, and slanderers; love and care of our own good name, and defending it when need requireth; keeping of lawful promises; studying and practicing of whatsoever things are true, honest, lovely, and of good report.

145问:在第九条诫命中,禁止什么罪行?

答:

在第九条诫命中,禁止的罪行是:

  1. 一切损害他人和我们自身诚实与名誉的事(撒上17:28撒下16:3;1:9-10,15-16),特别是在司法审判中(利19:15来1:4);
  2. 提供伪证(箴19:5;6:16,19);
  3. 唆使他人作假见证(徒6:13);
  4. 故意为邪恶之事辩护,不顾事实,夸大其辞(耶9:3,5徒24:2,5诗12:3-4;52:1-4);
  5. 作出不公义的判决(箴17:15王上21:9-14);
  6. 称善为恶,称恶为善;把义人当得的归于恶人,把恶人当得的归于义人(赛5:23);
  7. 编造谎言(诗119:69路19:8;16:5-7);
  8. 掩盖事实真相,对正义之事不当地保持沉默(利5:1申13:8徒5:3,8-9提后4:6);
  9. 对罪恶应予指责时却不仗义直言(王上1:6利19:17),也不向他人申诉(赛59:4);
  10. 虽说真话,却不合时宜(箴29:11),或心存恶意(撒上22:9-10,比较诗52:1-5),或颠倒黑白,故意歪曲(诗56:5约2:19,比较太26:60-61),或言辞含糊,模棱两可,以致损害事实或公义(创3:5;26:7,9);
  11. 不说真话(赛59:13);
  12. 说谎(利19:11西3:9);
  13. 诽谤(诗50:20);
  14. 谗谤(诗15:3);
  15. 毁损(雅4:11耶38:4);
  16. 搬弄是非(利19:16);
  17. 传播谣言(罗1:29-30);
  18. 嘲弄他人(创21:9,比较加4:29);
  19. 辱骂他人(林前6:10);
  20. 轻率论断(太7:1);
  21. 言语苛刻(徒28:4);
  22. 论断不公(创38:24罗2:1);
  23. 曲解他人的目的、言语和行动(尼6:6-8罗3:8诗69:10撒上1:13-15撒下10:3);
  24. 油嘴滑舌(诗12:2-3);
  25. 虚荣自夸(提后3:2);
  26. 自高自大,高抬别人,或妄自菲薄,小看别人(路18:9,11罗12:16林前4:6徒12:22出4:10-14);
  27. 否定来自上帝的恩赐和美德(伯27:5-6;4:6);
  28. 吹毛求疵(太7:3-5);
  29. 本该坦白认罪,却躲躲藏藏,寻找借口,减轻罪责(箴28:13;30:20创3:12-13耶2:35王下5:25创4:9);
  30. 泄漏人不该泄漏的软弱(创9:22箴25:9-10);
  31. 散布谣言(出23:1);
  32. 听信谎言(箴29:12);
  33. 掩耳不听正当的辩护(徒7:56-57伯31:13-14);
  34. 妄自猜疑(林前13:5提前6:4);
  35. 对别人所当得的尊荣,嫉妒恼怒(民11:29太21:15),妄图予以削弱、损害(拉4:12-13),别人蒙羞受辱,则高兴欢喜(耶48:27);
  36. 蔑视别人,加以戏弄(诗35:15-16,21太27:28-29);
  37. 献媚他人(犹16徒12:22);
  38. 违背合乎上帝律法的诺言(罗1:31提后3:3);
  39. 对关涉美名之事,漫不经心(撒上2:24);
  40. 对招致臭名之事,则去亲自践行,或不加回避,或未尽力拦阻他人(撒下13:12-13箴5:8-9;6:33)。

Question 145: What are the sins forbidden in the ninth commandment?

Answer:

The sins forbidden in the ninth commandment are, all prejudicing the truth, and the good name of our neighbors, as well as our own, especially in public judicature; giving false evidence, suborning false witnesses, wittingly appearing and pleading for an evil cause, outfacing and overbearing the truth; passing unjust sentence, calling evil good, and good evil; rewarding the wicked according to the work of the righteous, and the righteous according to the work of the wicked; forgery, concealing the truth, undue silence in a just cause, and holding our peace when iniquity calleth for either a reproof from ourselves, or complaint to others; speaking the truth unseasonably, or maliciously to a wrong end, or perverting it to a wrong meaning, or in doubtful or equivocal expressions, to the prejudice of the truth or justice; speaking untruth, lying, slandering, backbiting, detracting, talebearing, whispering, scoffing, reviling, rash, harsh, and partial censuring; misconstructing intentions, words, and actions; flattering, vainglorious boasting, thinking or speaking too highly or too meanly of ourselves or others; denying the gifts and graces of God; aggravating smaller faults; hiding, excusing, or extenuating of sins, when called to a free confession; unnecessary discovering of infirmities; raising false rumors, receiving and countenancing evil reports, and stopping our ears against just defense; evil suspicion; envying or grieving at the deserved credit of any; endeavoring or desiring to impair it, rejoicing in their disgrace and infamy; scornful contempt, fond admiration; breach of lawful promises; neglecting such things as are of good report, and practicing, or not avoiding ourselves, or not hindering what we can in others, such things as procure an ill name.