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六十一、第二条诫命

107问：第二条诫命是什么？

答：

第二条诫命是:“你不可为自己雕刻偶像；也不可作什么形像，仿佛上天、下地和地底下、水中的百物。不可跪拜那些像；也不可事奉它，因为我耶和华你的上帝是忌邪的上帝。恨我的，我必追讨他的罪，自父及子，直到三四代；爱我守我诫命的，我必向他们发慈爱，直到千代”（出20:4-6）。

Question 107: Which is the second commandment?

Answer:

The second commandment is, Thou shalt not make unto thee any graven image, or any likeness of anything that is in heaven above, or that is in the earth beneath, or that is in the water under the earth. Thou shalt not bow down thyself to them, nor serve them: for I the LORD thy God am a jealous God, visiting the iniquity of the fathers upon the children unto the third and fourth generation of them that hate me; and shewing mercy unto thousands of them that love me, and keep my commandments.

108问：在第二条诫命中，吩咐我们尽什么责任？

答：

在第二条诫命中，吩咐我们所尽的责任是:

  1. 对上帝在圣经中所指定的一切宗教崇拜和外在方式，要接受遵行，保持纯全（申32:46-47；47；太28:20；20；徒2:42；42；提前6:13-14）14）；
  2. 特别是：奉基督之名所作的祷告和感恩（腓4:6；6；弗5:20）20），读经、讲道、听道（申17:18-19；19；徒15:21；21；提后4:2；2；雅1:21-22；22；徒10:33）33），施行和领受圣礼（太28:19；19；林前11:23-30）30），教会治理和劝惩（太18:15-17；16:19；19；林前5；12:28）28），及其施行与保守（弗4:11-12；12；提前5:17-18；18；林前9:7-15）15），敬虔的禁食（珥2:12-13；13；林前7:5）5），奉上帝的名宣誓（申6:13）13），向上帝许愿（赛19:21；21；诗76:11）11）；
  3. 谴责、痛恨、反对各种各样的伪崇拜（徒17:16-17；17；诗16:4）4）；
  4. 并根据自己的地位和职分，清除伪崇拜，以及偶像崇拜的各种标记（申7:5；5；赛30:22）22）。

Q.Question 108.108: What are the duties required in the second commandment?

Answer:

A. The duties required in the second commandment are, the receiving, observing, and keeping pure and entire, all such religious worship and ordinances as God hath instituted in his word; particularly prayer and thanksgiving in the name of Christ; the reading, preaching, and hearing of the word; the administration and receiving of the sacraments; church government and discipline; the ministry and maintenance thereof; religious fasting; swearing by the name of God, and vowing unto him: as also the disapproving, detesting, opposing, all false worship; and, according to each one’s place and calling, removing it, and all monuments of idolatry.

109问：在第二条诫命中，禁止什么罪？

答：

在第二条诫命中，禁止的罪行有:

  1. 以任何方式，发明（民15:39）39）、求问（申13:6-8）8）、命令（何5:11；11；弥6:16）16）、使用（王上11:33；12:33）33）、认可非上帝所指定的任何宗教崇拜（申12:30-32）32）；
  2. 宽容伪宗教（申13:6-12；12；番13:2-3；3；启2:2，14-15，20；17:12，16-17）17）；
  3. 或在自己心中，或在外部，以任何受造物的形像和样式，制造三个位格或其中任何一个位格的象征（申4:15-19；19；徒17:29；29；罗1:21-23，25）25）；
  4. 崇拜此类象征（但3:18；18；加4:8）8），或者崇拜其中所表征的上帝，或者藉着它崇拜上帝（出32:5）5）；
  5. 制造假神之像（出32:8）8），予以崇拜并事奉（王上18:26，28；28；赛65:11）11）；
  6. 以古风（彼前1:18）18）、习俗（耶44:17）17）、敬虔（赛65:3-5；5；加1:13-14）14）、好意或其它理由为借口（撒上13:11-12；15:21）21），对上帝的律法或加或减（申4:2）2），或自己杜撰，或自己发起（诗106:39）39），或因传统受自他人（太15:9）9），设计各种迷信（徒17:22；22；西2:21-23）23），败坏对上帝的崇拜（玛1:7-8，14）14）；
  7. 买卖圣职（徒8:18）18）；
  8. 亵渎上帝（罗2:22；22；玛3:8）8）；
  9. 忽略（出4:24-26）26）、轻蔑（太22:5；5；玛1:7，13）13）、拦阻（太23:13）13）、反对上帝所指定的敬拜和外在方式（徒13:44-45；45；帖前2:15-16）16）。

Q.Question 109.109: What sins are forbidden in the second commandment?

Answer:

A. The sins forbidden in the second commandment are, all devising, counseling, commanding, using, and any wise approving, any religious worship not instituted by God himself; the making any representation of God, of all or of any of the three persons, either inwardly in our mind, or outwardly in any kind of image or likeness of any creature whatsoever; all worshiping of it, or God in it or by it; the making of any representation of feigned deities, and all worship of them, or service belonging to them; all superstitious devices, corrupting the worship of God, adding to it, or taking from it, whether invented and taken up of ourselves, or received by tradition from others, though under the title of antiquity, custom, devotion, good intent, or any other pretense whatsoever; simony; sacrilege; all neglect, contempt, hindering, and opposing the worship and ordinances which God hath appointed.

110问：为了使我们更加谨守遵行，第二条诫命所附加的遵行理由是什么？

答：

为了使我们更加谨守遵行，第二条诫命所附加的遵行理由包含在以下的话中：“我耶和华你的上帝是忌邪的上帝。恨我的，我必追讨他的罪，自父及子，直到三四代；爱我守我诫命的，我必向他们发慈爱，直到千代”（出20:5-6）6）。

  1. 这些理由不但包括上帝对我们拥有主权，我们是属祂的（诗45:11；11；启15:3-4）4）；
  2. 也包括祂对自己的崇拜有强烈的忌邪之心（出34:13-14）14），所有的伪崇拜都是属灵的淫乱，必招致祂复仇的震怒（林前10:20-22；22；耶7:18-20；20；结16:26-27；27；申32:16-20）20）；
  3. 违背这一诫命的人就是恨恶上帝的人，上帝警告要惩罚他们，直到许多代（阿2:2-4）4）；
  4. 遵守这一诫命的人，就是爱祂并守祂诫命的人，会得到尊荣，上帝应许要怜悯他们，直到许多代（申5:29）29）。

Q.Question 110.110: What are the reasons annexed to the second commandment, the more to enforce it?

Answer:

A. The reasons annexed to the second commandment, the more to enforce it, contained in these words, For I the LORD thy God am a jealous God, visiting the iniquity of the fathers upon the children unto the third and fourth generation of them that hate me; and shewing mercy unto thousands of them that love me, and keep my commandments; are, besides God’s sovereignty over us, and propriety in us, his fervent zeal for his own worship, and his revengeful indignation against all false worship, as being a spiritual whoredom; accounting the breakers of this commandment such as hate him, and threatening to punish them unto divers generations; and esteeming the observers of it such as love him and keep his commandments, and promising mercy to them unto many generations.